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<p>For now, your best bet might simply be not to buy a hoverboard at all. The US airline industry has already decided not to take any chances: American, Alaska, Delta, Hawaiian, JetBlue, Southwest and United Airlines have banned hoverboards on passenger flights, and the US Postal Service has stopped shipping hoverboards by air as well. Amazon and Target both temporarily suspended sales, and Overstock.com has stopped selling hoverboards at all.</p> <p>The science behind hoverboard fires is actually pretty simple, and fairly well understood. Much like your laptop, tablet or phone, these hoverboards use lithium ion battery packs for their power -- and it just so happens that the liquid swimming around inside most lithium ion batteries is highly flammable. If the battery short-circuits -- say, by puncturing the incredibly thin sheet of plastic separating the positive and negative sides of the battery -- the liquid electrolyte can heat up so quickly that the battery explodes.</p> <p>You don't necessarily need to stab a lithium ion battery to set it on fire: a defective battery might have tiny sharp metal particles inside that could puncture the separator all on its own. &quot;When this happens, especially when the batteries are charged, a lot of heat is generated inside the cells and this leads to electrolyte boiling, the rupture of the cell casing, and then a significant fire,&quot; Carnegie Mellon University materials science professor Jay Whitacre told Wired. You can see what a lithium ion battery fire looks like in our Droid Turbo 2 torture test video:<br /> </p> <p>It shouldn't be a revelation that lithium ion batteries are volatile, because fires like these aren't exactly new. We've been living with potentially deadly explosions in our pockets and laptop bags for years. In 2004, a spike in the number of cell phone battery explosions prompted this CNET report, and Dell recalled millions of laptop batteries in 2006 after just six incidents of fire. More recently, Boeing had to ground the 787 Dreamliner airplane until it could find a way to keep its lithium ion batteries from overheating.</p> <p>If lithium ion batteries are so volatile, why are we still using them today? The traditional argument is that the energy density of lithium ion batteries is significantly higher than less flammable cells. (In other words, a smaller, lighter battery can last longer on a charge.)Another reason: The consumer electronics industry has gotten much better about safety standards, to the point where most of us don't think twice about leaving a phone connected to a charger. &quot;We said to the companies, you need to come together, create a voluntary organization and set a safety standard,&quot; says the CPSC's Wolfson, recalling how we went from big battery scares and recalls in the mid-2000s to the relatively safe laptops and phones we have today.</p> <p>Many modern batteries incorporate all kinds of safety measures, such as emergency vents, and many products filled with lithium ion batteries have to endure a barrage of drop tests, crush tests and electrical stress tests before they can pass.But hoverboards are brand-new. &quot;It's a product without a safety standard,&quot; says Wolfson.</p> <p>london-fire-brigade-hoverboard-fire-investigation-20151203.jpgEnlarge Image<br /> London Fire Brigade<br /> Sean Kane, a longtime product safety researcher, says cases like the hoverboard are precisely why his nonprofit organization The Safety Institute is advocating for more general categories of safety standards like &quot;computers&quot; and &quot;personal mobility devices&quot; instead of the specific ones that exist today.</p> <ul> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-485041-001-battery.html <strong>HP 485041-001 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-485041-003-battery.html <strong>HP 485041-003 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-497694-001-battery.html <strong>HP 497694-001 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-498482-001-battery.html <strong>HP 498482-001 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-511872-001-battery.html <strong>HP 511872-001 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-511883-001-battery.html <strong>HP 511883-001 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-ev06-battery.html <strong>HP EV06 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-db72-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-DB72 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-db73-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-DB73 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-ib72-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-IB72 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-ib73-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-IB73 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-ib79-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-IB79 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-lb72-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-LB72 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-lb73-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-LB73 Battery</strong></a></li> <li> http://www.dearbattery.co.uk/hp-hstnn-q34c-battery.html <strong>HP HSTNN-Q34C Battery</strong></a> </li> </ul> <p>There are existing standards for motorized scooters and toys, says Kane, but the hoverboard just doesn't fit. &quot;What you have is a product coming in here where no one knows which safety standards are applicable to the product.&quot;For now, retailers like Amazon and Target are making sure individual components of these hoverboards -- namely the batteries and the chargers -- have been certified for safety. (Amazon is currently asking that all hoverboard sellers provide proof they comply with UN 38.3, UL 1642 and UL 60950-1, specifically.)</p> <p>But before you breathe a sigh of relief, you should probably know that while batteries and chargers can be certified individually, it doesn't mean those hoverboards have been certified as a whole. Until those parts have actually been tested together, it's more of a legal cover-your-ass measure for the manufacturers and retailers than anything else.</p> <p>And you might not be able to find a hoverboard that's been tested in its entirety by a reputable independent firm like Underwriters Laboratories (UL) even if you looked hard. Swagway, one of the more popular brands, claims its entire hoverboard is UL-certified because it has a UL-certified battery and a UL-certified charger inside, but that's not accurate. &quot;There are presently no UL-certified hoverboards,&quot; says UL consumer safety director John Drengenberg. (Incidentally, Swagway is now facing a lawsuit from when one of its hoverboards caught fire.)</p> <p>Besides, there's another problem with certifying batteries instead of the hoverboards themselves. There's no easy way to tell what kind of battery is inside a hoverboard -- or if it's a counterfeit.In 2004 when an increased number of cell phone batteries were bursting, many blamed cheap counterfeits made in China -- batteries produced with far less stringent standards than phone manufacturers might have wanted.That's a popular theory when it comes to the hoverboard fires, too. &quot;There are some factories right now that will say they use Samsung batteries, but don't,&quot; a sales manager for Chinese hoverboard manufacturer CHIC told Quartz. &quot;They wrap a piece of paper around the battery that says 'Samsung' when it's not Samsung.&quot;</p> <p>But unlike cell phones, it's not like we have known, reputable hoverboard manufacturers that merely got a bad batch of batteries to go with their own carefully designed proprietary components. Even the top hoverboard brands -- Phunkeeduck, IO Hawk, Swagway -- are ones you've probably never heard of, ones that sprang up out of nowhere to take advantage of the hoverboard craze.</p> <p>And those companies are merely distributors for a sprawling array of factories in China that supply components to one another practically interchangeably.<br /> That's not a reflection on the quality of Chinese manufacturing in general, by the way. Practically every high-quality Apple product comes off a Chinese assembly line, not to mention those of Lenovo, a Chinese company that's one of the top computer vendors worldwide. But China has also become famous as a place where tiny factories can pile onto a hot new idea like the selfie stick or the miniature R/C helicopter, churning out copycats in record time.</p> <p>By the time the hoverboard fad took off in the United States, there were already too many Chinese companies building hoverboards to tell who came up with the idea first. 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The UK divisions of retailers Amazon and Costco are specifically telling customers to destroy charging cables that have plugs that weren't built to UK safety standards. (Costco is providing replacement cables, while Amazon is offering full refunds.)</p> <p>Another possible culprit is the cut-off switch, a safety feature that keeps an electronic device from overcharging, which the UK's National Trading Standards consumer protection agency says can often fail in these hoverboards. EcoReco's Sung suggested that to save costs, some hoverboard manufacturers might not even include a cut-off switch to begin with. That's clearly not the issue everywhere, though: Mashable recently tore down a Swagway hoverboard that appeared to have a cut-off switch installed.</p> <p>In the UK, the government is already cracking down on hoverboards. Not only is it illegal to ride one on public roads or walkways, but the UK National Trading Standards body has now seized and reportedly destroyed 32,000 hoverboards -- the vast majority of the 38,800 devices that the organization has been tracking since it started investigating the devices in October.</p> <p>In the United States, we're waiting to hear what the Consumer Product Safety Commission uncovers. It could be that the organization finds a specific batch of defective batteries or other defective component and issues a recall. Perhaps the CPSC will push for more voluntary standards like the ones that made laptops and phones safer today.</p>